A 2024 report published in Nature investigates how cosmetic formulators are replacing traditional preservatives in products for sensitive skin and infants with multifunctional ingredients that offer both skincare benefits and antimicrobial protection.
Researchers analysed 83 cosmetic formulations (70 for infants and 13 for sensitive skin) sold in the Chinese market. They examined preservative systems listed on labels and conducted laboratory tests to quantify ingredients and evaluate antimicrobial efficacy.
Most common preservatives found included:
- Phenoxyethanol
- Benzoic acid and its salts
- Methylparaben and propylparaben
- Benzyl alcohol
- Sorbic acid
- Methylisothiazolinone (MIT)
All were used below regulatory limits and considered safe.
Multifunctional alternatives increasingly used:
- Ethylhexylglycerin
- Glycols (e.g. butylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, pentylene glycol)
- Hydroxyacetophenone
- 1,2-Hexanediol
These ingredients are gaining popularity as natural alternatives to preservatives, especially in baby care and sensitive skin products.
Key takeaway for formulators:
Multifunctional ingredients offer promising preservative functions in gentle skincare formulations, but every system must be rigorously tested to ensure microbiological safety.
Check our compendium to discover natural glycols and multifunctionals to help you build a preservative system for sensitive skin